@techreport {24609,
	title = {An Integrated Modeling Framework to Facilitate Model-Based Testing of Cyber-Physical Systems under Uncertainty},
	year = {2016},
	note = {This work is supported by U-Test project (Testing Cyber-Physical Systems under Uncertainty).},
	publisher = {Simula Research Laboratory},
	abstract = {Undertaking innate uncertainty during the operation of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) is crucial for their intact behavior. One method to handle such uncertainty is using Model-based Testing (MBT); however, existing MBT techniques do not explicitly capture uncertainty in test ready models that capture expected behavior of a CPS and its operating environment. To fill this gap, we present an Uncertainty-Wise test-modeling framework, named as Uncertum, to create test ready models to support MBT of CPSs facing uncertainty. Uncertum relies on the definition of a UML profile (the UML Uncertainty Profile (UUP)) and a set of UML model libraries extending the UML profile for Modeling and Analysis of Real-Time and Embedded Systems (MARTE). Uncertum also benefits from the UML Testing Profile (UTP) V.2 to support standard-based MBT. Uncertum was evaluated with two industrial CPS case studies, one real world and one open source CPS case study from the following four perspectives: 1) Completeness and Coverage of the profiles and model libraries in terms of concepts defined in their underlying uncertainty conceptual model for CPSs (i.e., U-Model and MARTE, 2) Effort required to model uncertainty with Uncertum, and 3) Correctness of the developed test ready models, which was assessed via model execution.},
	keywords = {Uncertainty; Cyber-Physical System; UML Profile; Model-based Testing},
	author = {Zhang, Man and Ali, Shaukat and Yue, Tao and Norgren, Roland and Okariz, Oscar}
}
