@article {28080,
	title = {Optimal Energy Trading with Demand Responses in Cloud Computing Enabled Virtual Power Plant in Smart Grids},
	journal = {IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing},
	year = {2021},
	month = {10/2021},
	publisher = { IEEE},
	abstract = {The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources and electric vehicles (EVs) poses a significant challenge for the power grid operator in terms of increasing peak load and power quality reduction. Moreover, there is a growing demand for fast charging services in smart grids. Addressing the growing demand from fast charging services is challenging. To overcome this challenge, in this paper, we propose a new computational architecture combining energy trading and demand responses based on cloud computing for managing virtual power plants (VPPs) in smart grids. In the proposed system, EVs can be charged at high charging rates without affecting the operation of the power grid by purchasing energy through the energy trading platform in the cloud. In addition, users with storage devices can sell energy surplus to the market. On the one hand, the energy trading platform can be regarded as an internal market of the VPP that aims to maximize its revenue. The interest of the EV owners, on the other hand, is to minimize the cost for charging. Therefore, we model the interactions between the EV owners and the VPP as a non-cooperative game.},
	doi = {10.1109/TCC.2021.3118563},
	author = {Chung, Hwei-Ming and Maharjan, Sabita and Zhang, Yan and Eliassen, Frank and Strunz, Kai}
}
@article {28072,
	title = {Placement and Routing Optimization for Automated Inspection with UAVs: A Study in Offshore Wind Farm},
	journal = { IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2021},
	month = {05/2021},
	pages = {3032-3043},
	publisher = { IEEE},
	abstract = {Wind power is a clean and widely deployed alternative to reducing our dependence on fossil fuel power generation. Under this trend, more turbines will be installed in wind farms. However, the inspection of the turbines in an offshore wind farm is a challenging task because of the harsh environment (e.g., rough sea, strong wind, and so on) that leads to high risk for workers who need to work at considerable height. Also, inspecting increasing number of turbines requires long man hours. In this regard, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can play an important role for automated inspection of the turbines for the operator, thus reducing the inspection time, man hours, and correspondingly the risk for the workers. In this case, the optimal number of UAVs enough to inspect all turbines in the wind farm is a crucial parameter. In addition, finding the optimal path for the UAVs{\textquoteright} routes for inspection is also important and is equally challenging. In this paper, we formulate a placement optimization problem to minimize the number of UAVs in the wind farm and a routing optimization problem to minimize the inspection time. Wind has an impact on the flying range and the flying speed of UAVs, which is taken into account for both problems. The formulated problems are NP-hard. We therefore design heuristic algorithms to find solutions to both problems, and then analyze the complexity of the proposed algorithms. The data of the Walney wind farm are then utilized to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms. Simulation results clearly show that the proposed methods can obtain the optimal routing path for UAVs during the inspection.},
	doi = {10.1109/TII.2020.3004816},
	author = {Chung, Hwei-Ming and Maharjan, Sabita and Zhang, Yan and Eliassen, Frank and Strunz, Kai}
}
@article {28069,
	title = {Distributed Deep Reinforcement Learning for Intelligent Load Scheduling in Residential Smart Grid},
	journal = { IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2020},
	month = {04/2020},
	publisher = { IEEE},
	abstract = {The power consumption of households has been constantly growing over the years. To cope with this growth, intelligent management of the consumption profile of the households is necessary, such that the households can save the electricity bills, and the stress to the power grid during peak hours can be reduced. However, implementing such a method is challenging due to the existence of randomness in the electricity price and the consumption of the appliances. To address this challenge, we employ a model-free method for the households which works with limited information about the uncertain factors. More specifically, the interactions between households and the power grid can be modeled as a non-cooperative stochastic game, where the electricity price is viewed as a stochastic variable. To search for the Nash equilibrium (NE) of the game, we adopt a method based on distributed deep reinforcement learning. Also, the proposed method can preserve the privacy of the households. We then utilize real-world data from Pecan Street Inc., which contains the power consumption profile of more than 1; 000 households, to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. In average, the results reveal that we can achieve around 12\% reduction on peak-to-average ratio (PAR) and 11\% reduction on load variance. With this approach, the operation cost of the power grid and the electricity cost of the households can be reduced.},
	author = {Chung, Hwei-Ming and Maharjan, Sabita and Zhang, Yan and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {28082,
	title = {Edge Intelligence Empowered UAV s for Automated Wind Farm Monitoring in Smart Grids},
	journal = {IEEE Globecom 2020},
	year = {2020},
	publisher = { IEEE},
	abstract = {With the exploitation of wind power, more turbines will be deployed at remote areas possibly with harsh working conditions (e.g., offshore wind farm). The adverse working environment may lead to massive operating and maintenance costs of turbines. Deploying unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for turbine inspection is considered as a viable alternative to manual inspections. An important objective of automated UAV inspection is to minimize the flight time of the UAVs to inspect all the turbines. A first contribution of this paper is thus formulating an optimization problem to compute the optimal routes for turbine inspection satisfying the above goal. On the other hand, the limited computational capability on UAVs can be used to increase the power generation of wind turbine. Power generation from the turbines can be optimized by controlling the yaw angle of the turbines. Forecasting wind conditions such as wind speed and wind direction is crucial for solving both optimization problems. Therefore, UAVs can utilize their limited computational capability to perform wind forecasting. In this way, UAVs form edge intelligence in offshore wind farm. With the forecasted wind conditions, we design two algorithms to solve the formulated problems, and then evaluate the proposed methods with real-world data. The results reveal that the proposed methods offer an improvement of 44\% of the power generation from the turbine compared to hour-ahead forecasting and 25\% reduction of the flight time of the UAVs compared to the chosen baseline method.},
	doi = {10.1109/GLOBECOM42002.2020.9322269},
	author = {Chung, Hwei-Ming and Maharjan, Sabita and Zhang, Yan and Eliassen, Frank and Yuan, Tingting}
}
@article {28066,
	title = {Intelligent Charging Management of Electric Vehicles Considering Dynamic User Behavior and Renewable Energy: A Stochastic Game Approach},
	journal = { IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems},
	year = {2020},
	month = {07/2020},
	publisher = { IEEE},
	abstract = {Uncoordinated charging of a rapidly growing number of electric vehicles (EVs) and the uncertainty associated with renewable energy resources may constitute a critical issue for the electric mobility (E-Mobility) in the transportation system especially during peak hours. To overcome this dire scenario, we introduce a stochastic game to study the complex interactions between the power grid and charging stations. In this context, existing studies have not taken into account the dynamics of customers{\textquoteright} preference on charging parameters. In reality, however, the choice of the charging parameters may vary over time, as the customers may change their charging preferences. We model this behavior of customers with another stochastic game. Moreover, we define a quality of service (QoS) index to reflect how the charging process influences customers{\textquoteright} choices on charging parameters. We also develop an online algorithm to reach the Nash equilibria for both stochastic games. Then, we utilize real data from the California Independent System Operator (CAISO) to evaluate the performance of our proposed algorithms. The results reveal that the electricity cost with the proposed method can result in a saving of about 20\% compared to the benchmark method, while also yielding a higher QoS in terms of charging and waiting time. Our results can be employed as guidelines for charging service providers to make efficient decisions under uncertainty relative to power generation of renewable energy.},
	doi = {10.1109/TITS.2020.3008279},
	author = {Chung, Hwei-Ming and Maharjan, Sabita and Zhang, Yan and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {25904,
	title = {Autonomic Adaptation of Multimedia Content Adhering to Application Mobility},
	journal = {Distributed Applications and Interoperable Systems (DAIS 2018)},
	volume = {10853},
	year = {2018},
	month = {06/2018},
	pages = {153-168},
	publisher = {Springer, Cham},
	edition = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
	abstract = {Today,manyusersofmultimediaapplicationsaresurrounded by a changing set of multimedia-capable devices. However, users can move their running multimedia applications only to a pre-defined set of devices. Application mobility is the paradigm where users can move their running applications (or parts of) to heterogeneous devices in a seamless manner. In order to continue multimedia processing under the implied context changes in application mobility, applications need to adapt the presentation of multimedia content and their internal configuration. We propose the system DAMPAT that implements an adaptation control loop to adapt multimedia pipelines. Exponential combinatorial growth of possible pipeline configurations is controlled by architectural constraints specified as high-level goals by application developers. Our evaluation shows that the pipeline only needs to be interrupted a few tens of milliseconds to perform the reconfiguration. Thus, production or consumption of multimedia content can continue across heterogeneous devices and user context changes in a seamless manner.},
	isbn = {978-3-319-93766-3},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93767-0_11},
	author = {Francisco Javier {Velazquez-Garcia} and Halvorsen, P{\r a}l and H{\r a}kon Kvale {Stensland} and Eliassen, Frank},
	editor = {Bonomi, S. and Rivi{\`e}re, E.}
}
@inproceedings {25903,
	title = {Dynamic Adaptation of Multimedia Presentations for Videoconferencing in Application Mobility},
	journal = {IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)},
	year = {2018},
	month = {07/2018},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	address = {San Diego, CA, USA},
	abstract = {Application mobility is the paradigm where users can move their running applications to heterogeneous devices in a seamless manner. This mobility involves dynamic context changes of hardware, network resources, user environment, and user preferences. In order to continue multimedia processing under these context changes, applications need to adapt not only the collection of media streams, i.e.,\&nbsp;multimedia presentation, but also their internal configuration to work on different hardware. We present the performance analysis to adapt a video-conferencing prototype application in a proposed adaptation control loop to autonomously adapt multimedia pipelines. Results show that the time spent to create an adaptation plan and execute it is in the order of hundreds of milliseconds. The reconfiguration of pipelines, compared to building them from scratch, is approximately\&nbsp;1000\&nbsp;times faster when re-utilizing already instantiated hardware-dependent components. Therefore, we conclude that the adaptation of multimedia pipelines is a feasible approach for multimedia applications that adhere to application mobility.},
	issn = {1945-7871},
	doi = {10.1109/ICME.2018.8486565},
	author = {Francisco Javier {Velazquez-Garcia} and Halvorsen, P{\r a}l and H{\r a}kon Kvale {Stensland} and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {25899,
	title = {DAMPAT: Dynamic Adaptation of Multimedia Presentations in Application Mobility},
	journal = {International Symposium on Multimedia (ISM)},
	year = {2017},
	month = {12/2017},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	address = {Taichung, Taiwan},
	doi = {10.1109/ISM.2017.56},
	author = {Francisco Javier {Velazquez-Garcia} and Eliassen, Frank},
	editor = {Han C.W. {Hsiao}}
}
@inproceedings {23693,
	title = {Providing Microgrid Resilience during Emergencies using Distributed Energy Resources},
	journal = {Globecom 2015},
	year = {2015},
	month = {12/2015},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	abstract = {Several incidents reported in the past have shown the inability of the existing power grid to provide reliable services during system failures. Moreover, the communication and control network in the smart grid inherently creates opportunities for the adversaries to launch cyber attacks to the system. Natural disasters may further exacerbate the challenge. Designing resilient (if not robust) solutions for the smart grid therefore, was, and remains a high priority. To this end, we present three solutions towards resilience of a microgrid during emergencies. First, we propose the use of electric vehicles (EVs) as temporary power supplies to support critical infrastructure during emergencies. Second, we recommend to use a combination of distributed renewable energy sources, EVs and a community-level storage unit to further enhance the resilience of the microgrid, by utilizing the locally available renewable energy options, exploiting the electric vehicles moderately, and by investing reasonably on the storage unit. Third, we introduce the software defined networking paradigm as a highly relevant platform for both power virtualization and network function virtualization, to support, coordinate and control the dynamic operation of the virtual power plants for reliable power supply and resilient operations of the microgrid in the disaster mode. Finally, we discuss the feasibility of each of these solutions for implementing them in practice.},
	keywords = {Community-level storage, distributed energy generation, electric vehicles, emergency, microgrid, Resilience, software defined networking.},
	author = {Maharjan, Sabita and Zhang, Yan and Gjessing, Stein and Ulleberg, {\O}yestein and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {Simula.ND.403,
	title = {Energy Minimization Approach for Optimal Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Sensor-Aided Cognitive Radio Networks},
	journal = {2010 The 5th Annual ICST Wireless Internet Conference (WICON 2010)},
	year = {2010},
	publisher = {ICST/Create-Net},
	type = {Conference},
	abstract = {In a sensor-aided cognitive radio network, collaborating battery-powered sensors are deployed to aid the network in cooperative spectrum sensing. These sensors consume energy for spectrum sensing and therefore deplete their life-time, thus we study the key issue in minimizing the sensing energy consumed by such group of collaborating sensors. The IEEE P802.22 standard specifies spectrum sensing accuracy by the detection and false alarm probabilities, hence we address the energy minimization problem under this detection accuracy constraint. Firstly, we derive the bounds for the number of sensors to simultaneously guarantee the thresholds for high detection probability and low false alarm probability. With these bounds, we then formulate the optimization problem to find the optimal sensing interval and the optimal number of sensor that minimize the energy consumption. Thirdly, the approximated analytical solutions are derived to solve the optimization accurately and efficiently in polynomial time. Finally, numerical results show that the minimized energy is significantly lower than the energy consumed by a group of randomly selected sensors. The mean absolute error of the approximated optimal sensing interval compared with the exact value is less than 4\% and 8\% under good and bad SNR conditions, respectively. The approximated optimal number of sensors is shown to be very close to the exact number.},
	isbn = {978-963-9799-86-8},
	author = {Hai Ngoc {Pham} and Zhang, Yan and Paal Einar {Engelstad} and Skeie, Tor and Eliassen, Frank},
	editor = {Mahmoud Daneshmand {Chen}}
}
@article {Simula.ND.269,
	title = {A Comprehensive Solution for Application-Level Adaptation},
	journal = {Software: Practice and Experience},
	number = {Published online},
	year = {2009},
	publisher = {ACM},
	abstract = {Driven by the emergence of mobile and pervasive computing, there is a growing demand for context-aware software systems that can dynamically adapt to their run-time environment. We present the results of project MADAM that has delivered a comprehensive solution for the development and operation of context-aware, self-adaptive aplications. The main contributions of MADAm are (a) a sophisticated middleware that supports the dynamic adaptation of component-based applications, and (b) an innovative model-driven development methodology that is based on abstract adaptation models and corresponding model\_to-code transformations. MADAM has demonstrated the viability of a general, integrated approach to application-level adaptation. We discuss our experiences with two real-world case studies that were built using the MADAM approach.},
	isbn = {1097-024X},
	doi = {10.1002/spe.900},
	author = {Geihs, Kurt and Barone, Paolo and Eliassen, Frank and Floch, Jacqueline and Fricke, Rolf and Gj{\o}rven, Eli and Svein O. {Hallsteinsen} and Horn, Geir and Owais Mohammad {Khan} and Mamelli, Alessandro and George A. {Papadopoulos} and Paspallis, Nearchos and Reichle, Roland and Stav, Erlend}
}
@article {24494,
	title = {A comprehensive solution for application-level adaptation},
	journal = {Software - Practice and Experience},
	volume = {39},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {385-422},
	publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons},
	doi = { 10.1002/spe.900},
	author = {Geihs, Kurt and Barone, Paolo and Eliassen, Frank and Floch, Jacqueline and Fricke, Rolf and Gj{\o}rven, Eli and Hallsteinsen, Svein and Horn, Geir and Muhammad Uzair {Khan} and Mamelli, Alessandro and Reichle, Roland and Stav, Erlend}
}
@inproceedings {Simula.ND.377,
	title = {Optimal Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Sensor Networks},
	journal = {The 5th International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC {\textquoteright}09)},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {1073-1079},
	publisher = {ACM New York, NY, USA},
	type = {Conference},
	abstract = {This paper addresses the problem of optimal cooperative spectrum sensing in a cognitive-enabled sensor network where cognitive sensors can cooperate in the sensing of the spectrum. Such sensor networks are assumed to be power resource constrained. With a given threshold for the accuracy of the spectrum detection, we find the optimal number of cognitive sensors participating in the cooperative spectrum sensing and the optimal sensing interval that minimize the total energy consumption of the cooperative sensing. First, the mathematical lower bound and upper bound for the number of cooperative cognitive sensors are found. Then the optimization problem to minimize the total energy consumed by a group of sensors is presented. Finally, an efficient approximate solution to the optimization problem is proposed. Numerical calculations validate the accuracy and the performance of the proposed scheme. The impact of the noise uncertainty, the choice of the energy detection threshold, and the spectrum bandwidth on the detection accuracy and the minimum total energy consumption is also studied.},
	isbn = {978-1-60558-569-7},
	author = {Hai Ngoc {Pham} and Zhang, Yan and Paal Einar {Engelstad} and Skeie, Tor and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inbook {Simula.simula.594,
	title = {Spinning Off From Simula},
	booktitle = {Simula Research Laboratory - by thinking constantly about it},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {613-626},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {42},
	isbn = {978-3-642-01155-9},
	author = {Are Magnus {Bruaset} and Viktor S. Wold {Eide} and Eliassen, Frank and Hans Enger {Gallis} and Tarrou, Christian},
	editor = {Tveito, Aslak and Are Magnus {Bruaset} and Lysne, Olav}
}
@inproceedings {Simula.ND.271,
	title = {Cross-Layer Self-Adaptation of Service-Oriented Architectures},
	journal = {3rd International Middleware Workshop on Middleware for Service Oriented Computing (MW4SOC{\textquoteright}08)},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {37-42},
	publisher = {ACM},
	type = {Workshop},
	abstract = {Service-Oriented Architectures (SOA) are built as compositions of inter-organizational services. These services are deployed and published by providers who are responsible for provisioning the services with sufficient resources. However, even though services are implemented by technologies providing a wide range of adaptation related features, such as configurable component models and communication infrastructures, state-of-the-art approaches to adaptive SOA systems do not provide principled solutions to exploit application layer adaptation mechanisms. Our technology-agnostic adaptation middleware has been desig\-ned for integrating and exploiting technology-specific adaptation technologies and mechanisms. In this paper, we describe how this middleware can support a cross-layer adaptation of SOA systems. In particular, we focus on the server-side perspective of SOA, and we show that our middleware is able to exploit both service interface and application layers technologies for supporting a coordinated adaptation of both layers.},
	isbn = {978-1-60558-368-6},
	author = {Gj{\o}rven, Eli and Rouvoy, Romain and Eliassen, Frank},
	editor = {Karl M. {G{\"o}schka} and Dustdar, Schahram and Leymann, Frank and Tosic, Vladimir}
}
@inproceedings {Simula.ND.189,
	title = {Experiences From Developing a Component Technology Agnostic Adaptation Framework},
	journal = {Component-Based Software Engineering 11th International Symposium, CBSE 2008, Karlsruhe, Germany, October 14-17, 2008},
	volume = {5282/2008},
	year = {2008},
	month = {October},
	pages = {230-245},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin / Heidelberg},
	type = {Conference},
	abstract = {Systems are increasingly expected to adapt themselves to changing requirements and environmental situations with minimum user interactions. A challenge for self-adaptation is the increasing heterogeneity of applications and services, integrating multiple systems implemented in different platform and language technologies. In order to cope with this heterogeneity, self-adaptive systems need to support the integration of various technologies, allowing the target adaptive system to be built from subsystems realized with different implementation technologies. In this paper, we argue that state-of-the adaptation frameworks do not lend themselves to ease technology integration and exploitation of advanced features and opportunities offered by different implementation technologies. We present the QuA adaptation framework and its support for technology integration and exploitation. Unlike other adaptation frameworks the adaptation framework of QuA is able to exploit a wide range of adaptation mechanisms and technologies, without modification to the adaptation framework itself. As a demonstration of this property of QuA, we describe the integration of an advanced component model technology, the Fractal component model, with the QuA framework. Our experience from this exercise shows that the QuA adaptation framework indeed allows integration of advanced implementation technologies with moderate effort.},
	isbn = {978-3-540-87890-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-540-87891-9},
	author = {Gj{\o}rven, Eli and Eliassen, Frank and Rouvoy, Romain},
	editor = {Michel R. V. {Chaudron} and Szyperski, Clemens and Reussner, Ralf}
}
@article {Simula.ND.90,
	title = {Experiences With Utility-Based Adaptivity Modeling for Mobile Applications},
	journal = {Journal of Systems and Software},
	year = {2008},
	author = {Alia, Mourad and Viktor S. Wold {Eide} and Paspallis, Nearchos and Eliassen, Frank and Svein O. {Hallsteinsen} and George A. {Papadopoulos}}
}
@article {Amundsen.2006.4,
	title = {A Resource and Context Model for Mobile Middleware},
	journal = {Personal and Ubiquitous Computing},
	volume = {12},
	number = {2},
	year = {2008},
	month = {February},
	pages = {143-153},
	abstract = {Mobile computing systems are increasingly difficult to configure, operate, and manage. To reduce operation and maintenance cost plus meet user{\textquoteright}s expectation with respect to QoS, the computing system and its building blocks should be self-managed. When addressing the challenges associated with architecting self-managed mobile computing systems, one must take a holistic view on QoS management and the heterogonous entities in the mobile environment. This paper presents a novel model that combines resources and context elements. To illustrate the usefulness of the model, it is applied to a video streaming application by: i) modelling context elements and resources in the target environment, ii) specifying context dependencies and QoS characteristics of the application, and iii) designing weakly integrated resource and context managers. We describe a middleware that uses the developed managers when performing context and QoS management of the application. Specifically we show how the middleware can acquire the required information about the environment to evaluate context dependencies and predict offered QoS of alternative implementations of the application. In order to select the one that can operate in the current environment and that best satisfies given user preferences.},
	author = {Sten Lundesgaar {Amundsen} and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {Simula.ND.44,
	title = {Construction of and Execution of Adaptable Applications Using an Aspect-Oriented and Model Driven Approach},
	journal = {Distributed Applications and Interoperable Systems (DAIS)},
	year = {2007},
	month = {June},
	pages = {76-89},
	publisher = {Spinger Verlag},
	type = {Conference},
	address = {Berlin Heidelberg New York},
	abstract = {Constructing and executing distributed applications that can adapt to their current operating context, in order to maintain or enhance Quality of Service (QoS) attribute levels, are complex tasks. Managing multiple, interacting QoS features is particularly difficult since these features tend to be distributed across the system and tangled with other features. The crosscutting nature of QoS features can make them difficult to evolve, and it can make it complicated to dynamically optimize with respect to provided QoS during execution. Furthermore, it complicates efficient construction of application variants that differ in their QoS characteristics to suit various execution contexts. This paper presents an aspect-oriented and model driven approach for constructing and a QoS-aware middleware for execution of QoS-sensitive applications. Aspect-oriented modeling techniques are used to separate QoS features from primary application logic, and for efficient specification of alternative application variants. Model driven engineering techniques are used to derive run-time representations of application variants from platform independent models. The developed middleware chooses the best variant according to the current operating context and the available resources.},
	isbn = {3-540-72881-3},
	author = {Sten Amundsen {Lundesgaard} and Solberg, Arnor and Oldevik, Jon and France, Robert and Jan {\O}yvind {Aagedal} and Eliassen, Frank},
	editor = {Kerry Raymond Ja {Indulska}}
}
@inproceedings {Eide.2007.1,
	title = {Fine Granularity Adaptive Multi-Receiver Video Streaming},
	journal = {Fourteenth annual Conference on Multimedia Computing and Networking (MMCN07)},
	year = {2007},
	month = {January},
	publisher = {SPIE},
	type = {Conference},
	abstract = {Efficient delivery of video data over computer networks has been studied extensively for decades. Still, multi-receiver video delivery is challenging, due to heterogeneity and variability in network availability, end node capabilities, and receiver preferences. Our earlier work has shown that content-based networking is a viable technology for fine granularity multi-receiver video streaming. By exploiting this technology, we have demonstrated that each video receiver is provided with fine grained and independent selectivity along the different video quality dimensions region of interest, signal to noise ratio for the luminance and the chrominance planes, and temporal resolution. Here we propose a novel adaptation scheme combining such video streaming with state-of-the-art techniques from the field of adaptation to provide receiver-driven multi-dimensional adaptive video streaming. The scheme allows each client to individually adapt the quality of the received video according to its currently available resources and own preferences. The proposed adaptation scheme is validated experimentally. The results demonstrate adaptation to variations in available bandwidth and CPU resources roughly over two orders of magnitude and that fine grained adaptation is feasible given radically different user preferences.},
	isbn = {9780819466174},
	author = {Viktor S. Wold {Eide} and Eliassen, Frank and J{\o}rgen Andreas {Michaelsen} and Jensen, Frank},
	editor = {Zimmermann, Roger and Griwodz, Carsten}
}
@inproceedings {Simula.ND.21,
	title = {Managing Distributed Adaptation of Mobile Applications},
	journal = {7th IFIP International Conference on Distributed Applications and Interoperable Systems (DAIS)},
	year = {2007},
	month = {June},
	pages = {104-118},
	publisher = {Springer Verlag},
	type = {Conference},
	chapter = {8},
	abstract = {Mobile computing is characterised by variations in user needs and in the computing and communication resources. We have developed a middleware centric approach for the development of software capable of dynamically adapting to such variations. The middleware leverages models of needs and resources and the adaptation capabilities of the software and performs context monitoring, adaptation planning and dynamic reconfiguration at runtime. In this paper we focus on the modelling of resources of a distributed mobile computing infrastructure and how the resource model is used in adaptation planning. We present a distributed resource management framework and mechanisms necessary to maintain an up to date resource model at runtime. The challenge is to balance the level of abstraction so as to hide some of the heterogeneity of the actual infrastructure while retaining sufficient detail to serve the needs of distributed and centralized adaptation planning. The proposed framework is evaluated by a walkthrough of an example.},
	isbn = {978-3-540-72881-8},
	author = {Alia, Mourad and Svein O. {Hallsteinsen} and Paspallis, Nearchos and Eliassen, Frank},
	editor = {Kerry Raymond Ja {Indulska}}
}
@inproceedings {Simula.ND.65,
	title = {Peer-to-Peer Brokering of Planning Meta-Data},
	journal = {Adaptable and Reflective Middleware (ARM) 2007},
	year = {2007},
	month = {November},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	type = {Workshop},
	abstract = {In self-adaptive systems, metadata about resources in the system (e.g., services, nodes) must be dynamically published, updated, and removed. Current middleware approaches use statically configured, centralised repositories for storing and retrieving of such metadata. However, in the context of peer-to-peer (P2P) environments, we can not assume the existence of server nodes that are always available for hosting such centralised services. Thus, in our planning-based adaptation middleware, we introduce a P2P broker, which is a metadata advertisement service based on P2P technology. We use a structured P2P protocol that distributes the service metadata over a set of nodes based on service type and property information. Initial experiments show that the metadata distributes well over the nodes in the network, thus enabling scalability and robustness to node failures.},
	isbn = {978-1-59593-931-9/07/11},
	author = {Oudenstad, Johannes and Eliassen, Frank and Gj{\o}rven, Eli and Rouvoy, Romain},
	editor = {Costa, F.M.}
}
@inproceedings {Simula.ND.9,
	title = {A Utility-Based Adaptivity Model for Mobile Applications},
	journal = {The IEEE International Symposium on Ubisafe Computing (UbiSafe-07)},
	year = {2007},
	month = {May},
	pages = {556-563},
	publisher = {IEEE Computer Society Press},
	type = {Conference},
	abstract = {Mobile environments are characterized by resource fluctuations and limitations, and variations in user preferences. Therefore mobile applications need to be adaptive to retain usability, usefulness and reliability. In our approach to support adaptivity, we combine context awareness, reflection and component composition planning. The planning is done by generic middleware and supports dynamic discovery, utility-based and context-aware evaluation, and selection of the best implementation alternative of a given mobile application. In this paper we present a formal model of our approach and use this model to show the expressiveness of utility-based adaptation policies. To demonstrate the feasibility and expressiveness of our approach we include a case study based on a real adaptive application built using our model and middleware.},
	isbn = {0-7695-2847-3},
	author = {Alia, Mourad and Viktor S. Wold {Eide} and Paspallis, Nearchos and Eliassen, Frank and Svein O. {Hallsteinsen} and George A. {Papadopoulos}},
	editor = {L. T. {Yang} and Chaudhary, V. and Huang, R.}
}
@article {Musunoori.2006.1,
	title = {The 2nd International Middleware Doctoral Symposium: Quality-Driven Application Service Planning},
	journal = {IEEE Distributed Systems Online},
	volume = {7},
	number = {3},
	year = {2006},
	note = {art. no. 0603-o3004},
	month = {March},
	author = {Sharath Babu {Musunoori} and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {Musunoori.2006.2,
	title = {On the Challenge of Allocating Service Based Applications in a Grid Environment},
	journal = {International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems (ICAS 2006), July 19-21, Silicon Valley, USA},
	year = {2006},
	month = {July},
	publisher = {IEEE Computer Society Press, ISBN 0-7695-2653-5},
	type = {1},
	author = {Sharath Babu {Musunoori} and Horn, Geir and Eliassen, Frank and Alia, Mourad},
	editor = {Dini, Petre and Ayed, Dhouha and Dini, Cosmin and Berbers, Yolande}
}
@inproceedings {Amundsen.2006.1,
	title = {Combined Resource and Context Model for QoS-Aware Mobile Middleware},
	journal = {19th International Conference on Architecture of Computing Systems},
	year = {2006},
	month = {March},
	pages = {84-98},
	publisher = {Springer-Verlag GmbH},
	type = {1},
	abstract = {Mobile computing systems are increasingly difficult to configure, operate, and manage. To reduce operation and maintenance cost plus meet user{\textquoteright}s expectation with respect to QoS, the computing system and its building blocks should be self-managed. When addressing the challenges associated with architecting self-managed mobile computing systems, one must take a holistic view on QoS management and the heterogonous entities in the mobile environment. This paper presents a novel model that combines resources and context elements. It helps us in modelling the environment and design resource and context managers that support functions for adapting the application to changes in the environment. The model is applied on a video streaming application for mobile terminals: i) resource and context elements are classified, ii) their QoS characteristics and context properties are modelled, and iii) weakly integrated resource and context managers are presented and validated.},
	author = {Sten Lundesgaar {Amundsen} and Eliassen, Frank},
	editor = {Grass, Werner and Sick, Bernhard and Waldschmidt, Klaus}
}
@inproceedings {Alia.2006.1,
	title = {A Component-Based Planning Framework for Adaptive Systems},
	journal = {8th International Symposium on Distributed Objects and Applications (DOA)},
	year = {2006},
	month = {November},
	pages = {1686-1704},
	publisher = {Springer},
	type = {Conference},
	abstract = {In recent times, many researchers have focused on designing generic and reusable middlewares to overcome the complexity in building adaptive systems. There is a general agreement that the openness provided by componentbased approahes coupled with reflection mechanisms is the minimum prerequisites for supporting dynamic reconfigurations. However, this is not sufficient to implement the heart of the adaptation loop namely the decision making on the required reconfiguration that adapts the system in a given context. In this regard, this paper proposes a planning framework that subsumes and automates the decision-making in reflective component-based adaptive systems. The salient feature of this framework is to model the variability of the adaptive system as a set of variation points at which alternative component compositions and implementations can be selected. to form an application configuration. The selection of a feasible configuration in a given context is based on the concept of component wise utility functions that estimates the user benefit of including a specific implementation alternative at a variation point in the composition. We show that the selection problem can be modelled as a multi constraint shortest path that can be found in polynomial time. Our approach is validated through a real world example implementing adaptive scenarios in the domain of mobile computing.},
	isbn = {3-540-48274-1},
	author = {Alia, Mourad and Horn, Geir and Eliassen, Frank and Mohammad Ullah {Khan} and Fricke, Rolf and Reichle, Roland},
	editor = {Meersman, Robert and Tari, Zahir}
}
@book {Eliassen.2006.1,
	title = {Distributed Applications and Interoperable Systems},
	volume = {4025},
	year = {2006},
	month = {June},
	publisher = {Springer},
	isbn = {3-540-35126-4},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Montresor, Alberto}
}
@inproceedings {Eliassen.2006.2,
	title = {Evolving Self-Adaptive Services Using Planning-Based Reflective Middleware},
	journal = {The 5th annual Workshop on Adaptive and Reflective Middleware (ARM 2006)},
	year = {2006},
	month = {November},
	pages = {1-6},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	type = {Workshop},
	abstract = {Self-adaptive systems often use a middleware-based approach where adaptation mechanisms and policies are separated and externalized from the application code. Such separation facilitates the independent analysis of application and adaptation. In the QuA middleware, we use mirror-based reflection and service planning to support the development and execution of self-adaptive systems. A mirror provides meta information about a service{\textquoteright}s behavior and implementation hroughout all life-cycle phases, including its performance in ifferent contexts. Service planning supports dynamic discovery, utility-based and context-aware evaluation, and selection of alternative implementations of a given service. Here we argue that the QuA middleware is also able to support certain forms of evolution of adaptive systems. Since in QuA new implementation alternatives or updated versions of software are automatically discovered and considered during service planning, evolution both during run time and load time is supported. Experimental results from evolving a state-of-the-art adaptive media streaming application using our middleware are also presented.},
	isbn = {1-59593-419-7},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Gj{\o}rven, Eli and Viktor S. Wold {Eide} and J{\o}rgen Andreas {Michaelsen}},
	editor = {Nalini Venkatasub {Coulson}}
}
@inproceedings {Alia.2006.2,
	title = {MADAM: Towards a Flexible Planning-Based Middleware (extended Abstract)},
	journal = {ICSE 2006 Workshop on Software Engineering for Adaptive and Self-Managing Systems (SEAMS), May 21-22, 2006, Shanghai, China},
	year = {2006},
	month = {May},
	pages = {96-96},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	type = {Conference},
	abstract = {By exploiting software components, component frameworks and architectural reflection, the European IST project MADAM aims to overcome the complexity of developing mobile context-aware adaptive systems. The MADAM middleware defines a domain and platform-independent flexible reference architecture that supports dynamic reconfiguration of both applications and the middleware itself. Furthermore it implements flexible context monitoring, adaptation planning and dynamic reconfiguration frameworks that embodies much of the complex logic of dynamic adaptation.},
	isbn = {1-59593-403-0},
	author = {Alia, Mourad and Eliassen, Frank and Svein O. {Hallsteinsen} and Stav, Erlend},
	editor = {Betty H. C. {Chang} and de Lemos, Rogerio and Garlan, David}
}
@inproceedings {Gjorven.2006.1,
	title = {A Mirror Based Approach to Building Reflective, Adaptive Middleware},
	journal = {3. MiNEMA Workshop, Feb 7-8, Leuven, Belgium},
	year = {2006},
	month = {February},
	publisher = {MiNEMA Research Network},
	type = {1},
	author = {Gj{\o}rven, Eli and Eliassen, Frank and Lund, Ketil and Jan {\O}yvind {Aagedal} and Staehli, Richard}
}
@techreport {25348,
	title = {QoS-aware Mobile Middleware - A Survey},
	year = {2006},
	publisher = {Simula Research Laboratory},
	author = {Sten Lundesgaar {Amundsen} and Eliassen, Frank and Jan {\O}yvind {Aagedal}}
}
@inproceedings {Gjorven.2006.3,
	title = {Quality of Adaptation},
	journal = {SELF - Self-adaptability and self-management of context-aware systems, July 19-21, 2006, Silicon Valley, USA},
	year = {2006},
	month = {July},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	type = {Workshop},
	isbn = {9780769526539},
	author = {Gj{\o}rven, Eli and Eliassen, Frank and Jan {\O}yvind {Aagedal}},
	editor = {Dini, Petre and Ayed, Dhouha and Dini, Cosmin and Berbers, Yolande}
}
@article {Eide.2006.1,
	title = {Real-Time Video Content Analysis : QoS-Aware Application Composition and Parallel Processing},
	journal = {ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications},
	volume = {2},
	number = {2},
	year = {2006},
	month = {May},
	pages = {149-172},
	abstract = {Real-Time content-based access to live video data requires content analysis applications that are able to process video streams in real-time and with an acceptable error rate. Statements such as this express quality of service (QoS) requirements. In general, control of the QoS provided can be achieved by sacrificing application quality in one QoS dimension for better quality in another, or by controlling the allocation of processing resources to the application. However, controlling QoS in video content analysis is particularly difficult, not only because main QoS dimensions like accuracy are nonadditive, but also because both the communication- and the processing-resource requirements are challenging.This article presents techniques for QoS-aware composition of applications for real-time video content analysis, based on dynamic Bayesian networks. The aim of QoS-aware composition is to determine application deployment configurations which satisfy a given set of QoS requirements. Our approach consists of: (1) an algorithm for QoS-aware selection of configurations of feature extractor and classification algorithms which balances requirements for timeliness and accuracy against available processing resources, (2) a distributed content-based publish/subscribe system which provides application scalability at multiple logical levels of distribution, and (3) scalable solutions for video streaming, filtering/transformation, feature extraction, and classification.We evaluate our approach based on experiments with an implementation of a real-time motion vector based object-tracking application. The evaluation shows that the application largely behaves as expected when resource availability and selections of configurations of feature extractor and classification algorithms vary. The evaluation also shows that increasing QoS requirements can be met by allocating additional CPUs for parallel processing, with only minor overhead.},
	author = {Viktor S. Wold {Eide} and Granmo, Ole-Christoffer and Eliassen, Frank and J{\o}rgen Andreas {Michaelsen}}
}
@inproceedings {Gjorven.2006.2,
	title = {Self-Adaptive Systems: a Middleware Managed Approach},
	journal = {2nd IEEE International Workshop on Self-Managed Networks, Systems \& Services (SelfMan 2006)},
	year = {2006},
	month = {June},
	publisher = {Springer},
	type = {Workshop},
	abstract = {Recent works on self-adaptivity use a middleware-based approach where the adaptation mechanisms and meta-level information are separated and externalized from the application code. Current solutions generally target individual life-cycle phases of an application in isolation, preventing easy integration of design-time and run-time adaptability. Integration is needed in order to support the introduction of new adaptive behavior during run-time. Self-adapting systems therefore need to support both planning, instantiation and maintenance of applications throughout their life-time. In this paper we propose middleware managed adaptation, in which services are specified by their behavior, and planned, instantiated and maintained by middleware services in such a way that the behavioral requirements are satisfied throughout the service life-time. Central to this approach is mirror-based reflection, which supports introspection and intercession on an application, or any service, through all the phases of its life-cycle, including pre-runtime. The mirror of a service may contain information about its implementation, including the developer{\textquoteright}s knowledge about how this implementation will perform in different contexts. By making this knowledge available to the middleware, we facilitate the implementation of a wide range of self-adaptive behaviors.},
	isbn = {978-3-540-34739-2},
	author = {Gj{\o}rven, Eli and Eliassen, Frank and Lund, Ketil and Viktor S. Wold {Eide} and Staehli, Richard},
	editor = {Jean-Philippe Martin-Fla {Keller}}
}
@inproceedings {Amundsen.2006.2,
	title = {Service Plans for Context- and QoS-Aware Dynamic Middleware},
	journal = {The Second International Workshop on Services and Infrastructure for the Ubiquitous and Mobile Internet (SIUMI{\textquoteright}06)},
	year = {2006},
	month = {July},
	pages = {70-75},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	type = {Workshop},
	abstract = {State-of-the-art context- and QoS-aware dynamic middleware platforms use information about the environment, in order to evaluate alternative configurations of an application and select the one that best meets the user{\textquoteright}s QoS requirements. The specification of the alternatives is prepared at designtime and associated with the software during deployment. From the information and requirements in the specification, the middleware can synthesis, filter, and compare the alternative application configurations. This paper presents a platform independent specification, referred to as service plan, which contains information elements for specifying configurations, dependencies on the environment, and QoS characteristics. The service plan is specified at a conceptual level to ensure that it can be implemented in a wide range of middleware platforms. The paper describes how the concept is used during deployment, instantiation, and reconfiguration. From the implementation and validation the expressiveness and usefulness of the service plan concept is assessed.},
	isbn = {0-7695-2541-5},
	author = {Sten Lundesgaar {Amundsen} and Lund, Ketil and Eliassen, Frank},
	editor = {Philip S. Yu Anto {Corradi}}
}
@inproceedings {Rafaelsen.2006.2,
	title = {Towards Self-Organising Distribution Structures for Streaming Media},
	journal = {8th International Symposium on Distributed Objects and Applications (DOA)},
	year = {2006},
	month = {November},
	pages = {1825-1842},
	publisher = {Springer Verlag},
	type = {Conference},
	abstract = {Efficient multi-receiver delivery of video data over computer networks, such as the Internet is still challenging, due to heterogeneity in involved network technologies, end-node capabilities and receiver preferences. While adaptive and scalable video encoding can solve many of the problems caused by heterogeneity, media gateway systems are needed for performing video filtering and transformation in order to handle cases not solved by scalable coding. The omplexity of such systems make them difficult to manage by humans. Hence streaming media delivery systems, including media gateway systems should be self-managed only guided by policies provided by system managers and users. In this paper, we describe a media gateway systems framework for developing binding managers for gateway-based stream bindings. These bindings constructs an overlay network for media stream distribution. The framework is open, enabling insertion of specific binding policies that suits particular user preferences. Our framework contributes towards self-management of multi-user streaming services by supporting self-configuration and re-configuration of multi-receiver bindings. It also contributes to easier development of business streaming applications by supporting the plugging in of binding policies targeting particular application domains.We describe the implementation of a prototype of the framework and evaluate the framework by observing and comparing the effect on the property of bindings when different binding policies are applied. Finally we discuss issues of gateway service placement and scalability when bindings are deployed in a large scale infrastructure.},
	isbn = {978-3-540-48274-1},
	author = {Hans Ole {Rafaelsen} and Eliassen, Frank and Sharath Babu {Musunoori}},
	editor = {Zahir Tari Rober {Meersman}}
}
@article {Floch.2006.1,
	title = {Using Architecture Models for Runtime Adaptability},
	journal = {IEEE Software},
	volume = {23},
	number = {2},
	year = {2006},
	month = {March/April},
	pages = {62-70},
	abstract = {Developers typically use software architecture models at design time to capture significant decisions about a software system{\textquoteright}s organization and to describe and establish a common understanding about the system{\textquoteright}s abstract properties. Architectural information isn{\textquoteright}t usually explicitly represented at runtime; developers transform and realize the architectural properties through runtime artifacts. Recently, the introduction of software platforms supporting component plug-in and dynamic binding has facilitated adaptation of software systems at runtime. Preserving the properties described by the architecture model during adaptation is an important task. We propose a self-adaptation approach that exploits architecture models to reason about and control adaptation at runtime. We can derive runtime models from design models facilitating the developers{\textquoteright} task. We developed the approach in the context of mobile computing. This article is part of a focus section on software architecture.},
	author = {Floch, Jacqueline and Svein O. {Hallsteinsen} and Stav, Erlend and Eliassen, Frank and Lund, Ketil and Gj{\o}rven, Eli}
}
@inproceedings {Amundsen.2006.3,
	title = {Utilising Alternative Application Configurations in Context- and QoS-Aware Mobile Middleware},
	journal = {6th IFIP International Conference on Distributed Applications and Interoperable Systems (DAIS{\textquoteright}06), June 13-16, Bologna, Italy},
	year = {2006},
	month = {June},
	pages = {228-241},
	publisher = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 4025, Springer Verlag},
	type = {1},
	abstract = {State-of-the-art dynamic middleware uses information about the environment in order to evaluate alternative configurations of an application and select one, according to some criteria. In the context of applications sensitive to Quality of Service, we have identified the need for a platform-independent description of configurations that includes non-functional behaviour, and that scales to handle a large number of application configurations. In this paper, we present a modelling principle and a service plan concept, which together represent such as description. The modelling principle and plan concept extends state-of-the-art with i) a model of the alternative configurations that ensure a minimum of reconfiguration steps, ii) a specification that contains information elements of the configuration, dependencies to the environment, and QoS characteristics, and iii) a platform independent specification. In the paper, we also perform a qualitative assessment of our app roach, and we describe a proof-of-concept implementation.},
	author = {Sten Lundesgaar {Amundsen} and Lund, Ketil and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {DMJ.MMCN2005,
	title = {Exploiting Content-Based Networking for Fine Granularity Multi-Receiver Video Streaming},
	journal = {Proceedings of the 12th Annual Conference on Multimedia Computing and Networking (MMCN {\textquoteright}05), San Jose, California, USA, January 19-20},
	year = {2005},
	month = {January,},
	pages = {155-166},
	publisher = {SPIE},
	type = {1},
	author = {Viktor S. Wold {Eide} and Eliassen, Frank and J{\o}rgen Andreas {Michaelsen}},
	editor = {Chandra, Surendar and Venkatasubramanian, Nalini}
}
@inproceedings {Musunoori.2005.3,
	title = {QoS-Aware Application Service Configuration in a Grid Environment},
	journal = {Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Software Engineering and Applications (SEA2005), November 14-16, Phoenix, AZ, USA},
	year = {2005},
	month = {November},
	pages = {363-370},
	publisher = {ACTA Press, ISBN 0-88986-531-0},
	type = {1},
	author = {Sharath Babu {Musunoori} and Eliassen, Frank},
	editor = {Tsai, W.T. and Hamza, M.H.}
}
@inproceedings {Musunoori.2005.1,
	title = {QoS-Driven Service Configuration in Computational Grids},
	journal = {Proceedings of the 6th IEEE/ACM International Workshop on Grid Computing held in Conjunction with the International Conference for High Performance Computing, Neworking and Strorage (SC|05), November 12-18, Seattle, WA, USA},
	year = {2005},
	month = {November},
	pages = {304-307},
	publisher = {IEEE Computer Society Press, ISBN 0-7803-9493-3},
	type = {1},
	author = {Sharath Babu {Musunoori} and Eliassen, Frank and Viktor S. Wold {Eide}},
	editor = {Daniel S. {Katz}}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Staehli.2004.b,
	title = {Compositional Quality of Service Semantics},
	journal = {Proceedings of Specification and Verifcation of Component Based Systems (SAVCBS04), Workshop at ACM SIGSOFT 2004},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {62-69},
	publisher = {Iowa State University},
	type = {1},
	author = {Staehli, Richard and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Staehli.2004.d,
	title = {Designing Adaptive Middleware for Reuse},
	journal = {Proceedings of International Workshop on Reflective and Adaptive Middleware},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {189-194},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	type = {1},
	author = {Staehli, Richard and Eliassen, Frank and Amundsen, S.}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eide.2004.a,
	title = {Exploiting Content-Based Networking for Video Streaming (extended Abstract and Technical Demo)},
	journal = {Proceedings of the 12th ACM International Conference on Multimedia (MM{\textquoteright}04)},
	year = {2004},
	month = {October},
	pages = {164-165},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	type = {1},
	address = {New York, USA},
	author = {Viktor S. Wold {Eide} and Eliassen, Frank and J{\o}rgen Andreas {Michaelsen}}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Solberg.2004.c,
	title = {A Framework for QoS-Aware Service Composition},
	journal = {Proceedings of ACM International Conference on Service Oriented Computing (ICSOC)},
	year = {2004},
	month = {November},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	type = {1},
	author = {Solberg, A. and Amundsen, S. and Jan {\O}yvind {Aagedal} and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@misc {ND.8.Musunoori.2004.c,
	title = {The Next Generation Global Technology - GRID: a QoS-Aware Component-Based Middleware Approach},
	howpublished = {Misc},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Presented at the eVITA Workshop on eScience and Applications},
	month = {October 12-13},
	author = {Sharath Babu {Musunoori} and Eliassen, Frank and Staehli, Richard}
}
@techreport {ND.7.Gjorven.2004,
	title = {A Platform Independent Model of the QuA Architecture},
	year = {2004},
	publisher = {Simula Research Laboratory},
	author = {Gj{\o}rven, Eli and Staehli, Richard and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Musunoori.2004.a,
	title = {QoS-Aware Component Architecture Support for Grid},
	journal = {Proceedings of the 13th IEEE International Workshops on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructures for Collaborative Enterprises (WETICE-2004), Modena, Italy},
	year = {2004},
	month = {June 14-16},
	pages = {277-282},
	publisher = {IEEE Computer Society Press, ISBN 0-7695-2183-5},
	type = {1},
	author = {Sharath Babu {Musunoori} and Eliassen, Frank and Staehli, Richard},
	editor = {Cabri, Giacomo}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.2004.b,
	title = {QuA: Building With Reusable QoS-Aware Components},
	journal = {Proceedings of OOPSLA 2004 (Extended abstract and poster)},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {154-155},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	type = {1},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Staehli, Richard and Blair, Gordon and Jan {\O}yvind {Aagedal}}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Amundsen.2004,
	title = {QuA: Platform-Managed QoS for Components Architectures},
	journal = {Proceedings of Norwegian Informatics Conference (NIK)},
	year = {2004},
	month = {November},
	publisher = {Tapir},
	type = {1},
	author = {Amundsen, S. and Lund, Ketil and Eliassen, Frank and Staehli, Richard}
}
@techreport {ND.7.Eide.2003,
	title = {Extending Content-Based Publish/Subscribe Systems With Multicast Support},
	number = {2003-03},
	year = {2003},
	publisher = {Simula Research Laboratory},
	author = {Viktor S. Wold {Eide} and Eliassen, Frank and Lysne, Olav and Granmo, Ole-Christoffer}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Staehli.2003.b,
	title = {QuA: a QoS-Aware Component Architecture},
	journal = {Poster Session, Middleware 2003},
	year = {2003},
	month = {16 - 20 June},
	pages = {330-330},
	publisher = {Pontificia Universidade Cat{\'o}lica do Rio de Janeiro},
	type = {1},
	address = {Rio de Janerio},
	author = {Staehli, Richard and Eliassen, Frank and Blair, Gordon and Jan {\O}yvind {Aagedal}}
}
@misc {ND.8.Eliassen.2003.a,
	title = {The QuA Project: QoS-Driven Service Planning in an Open Component Architecture},
	howpublished = {Invited talk University of Twente, The Netherlands},
	year = {2003},
	month = {June},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@misc {ND.8.Eliassen.2003.b,
	title = {The QuA Project: QoS-Driven Service Planning in an Open Component Architecture},
	howpublished = {Invited talk at Oregon Graduate Institute, Oregon, USA},
	year = {2003},
	month = {Nov},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Staehli.2003.a,
	title = {Quality of Service Semantics for Component-Based Systems},
	journal = {Middleware 2003 Companion, Workshop Proceedings, 2nd International Workshop on Reflective and Adaptive Middleware Systems},
	year = {2003},
	month = {16 - 20 June},
	pages = {153-157},
	publisher = {Pontificia Universidade Cat{\'o}lica do Rio de Janeiro},
	type = {1},
	address = {Rio de Janerio},
	author = {Staehli, Richard and Eliassen, Frank and Jan {\O}yvind {Aagedal} and Blair, Gordon}
}
@misc {ND.8.Eliassen.2003.c,
	title = {Simula Research Laboratory: Research and Opportunities},
	howpublished = {Invited talk at Lancaster University, UK},
	year = {2003},
	month = {Jan},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eide.2003,
	title = {Supporting Timeliness and Accuracy in Real-Time Content-Based Video Analysis},
	journal = {Proceedings of the 11th ACM International Conference on Multimedia},
	year = {2003},
	month = {November 2 - 8},
	pages = {21-32},
	publisher = {ACM},
	type = {1},
	address = {Berkeley, California, USA},
	author = {Viktor S. Wold {Eide} and Eliassen, Frank and Granmo, Ole-Christoffer and Lysne, Olav}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Granmo.2003,
	title = {Techniques for Parallel Execution of the Particle Filter},
	journal = {Proceedings of Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis (SCIA 2003)},
	year = {2003},
	publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	type = {1},
	author = {Granmo, Ole-Christoffer and Eliassen, Frank and Lysne, Olav and Viktor S. Wold {Eide}}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Rafaelsen.2002,
	title = {Design and Performance of a Media Gateway Trader},
	journal = {Proceedings of Distributed Objects and Applications (DOA{\textquoteright}02), IEEE},
	year = {2002},
	month = {October},
	type = {1},
	address = {Irvine, CA, USA},
	author = {Hans Ole {Rafaelsen} and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@article {ND.4.Eliassen.2002,
	title = {QoS Management in the MULTE-ORB},
	journal = {IEEE Distributed Systems Online},
	volume = {(Middleware Archives)},
	year = {2002},
	month = {March},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Plagemann, Thomas and Hafskjold, B. and Kristensen, T. and Hans Ole {Rafaelsen} and R. H. {Macdonald}}
}
@techreport {ND.7.Staehli.2002,
	title = {QuA: a QoS-Aware Component Architecture},
	number = {2002-12},
	year = {2002},
	publisher = {Simula Research Laboratory},
	author = {Staehli, Richard and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eide.2002.a,
	title = {Real-Time Processing of Media Streams: a Case for Event-Based Interaction},
	journal = {Proceedings of 1st International Workshop on Distributed Event-Based Systems (DEBS{\textquoteright}02), IEEE},
	year = {2002},
	note = {ISBN 0-7695-1588-6},
	month = {July 2nd and 3rd},
	pages = {555-562},
	type = {1},
	address = {Vienna, Austria},
	author = {Viktor S. Wold {Eide} and Eliassen, Frank and Lysne, Olav and Granmo, Ole-Christoffer}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Fongen.2002,
	title = {A Scalable and Fault-Tolerant Architecture for Distributed Web Resource Discovery},
	journal = {Proceedings of Fourteenth IASTED International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing and Systems},
	year = {2002},
	month = {November 4-6},
	type = {1},
	address = {Cambridge, USA},
	author = {Fongen, A. and Eliassen, Frank and Ferguson, I. and Stobart, S. and Tait, J.}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eide.2002.b,
	title = {Scalable Independent Multi-Level Distribution in Multimedia Content Analysis},
	journal = {Joint International Workshops on Interactive Distributed Multimedia Systems and Protocols for Multimedia Systems (IDMS/PROMS 2002)},
	year = {2002},
	note = {ISBN 3-540-00169-7},
	month = {November 26th - 29th},
	pages = {37-48},
	publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	type = {1},
	address = {Coimbra, Portugal},
	author = {Viktor S. Wold {Eide} and Eliassen, Frank and Granmo, Ole-Christoffer and Lysne, Olav}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Fongen.2001,
	title = {Distributed Resource Recovery Using a Context-Sensitive Infrastructure},
	journal = {Proceedings of Third International Conference on Information Integration and Web-based Applications \& Services (iiWAS2001)},
	year = {2001},
	month = {September},
	type = {1},
	address = {Vienna, Austria},
	author = {Fongen, A. and Eliassen, Frank and Ferguson, I. and Stobart, S. and Tait, J.}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Granmo.2001,
	title = {Dynamic Object-Oriented Bayesian Networks for Flexible Resource-Aware Content-Based Indexing of Media Streams},
	journal = {12th Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis (SCIA2001)},
	year = {2001},
	month = {June},
	type = {1},
	address = {Bergen},
	author = {Granmo, Ole-Christoffer and Eliassen, Frank and Lysne, Olav}
}
@misc {ND.2.Plagemann.2001,
	title = {Multimedia Middleware},
	howpublished = {Misc},
	year = {2001},
	note = {ISBN 1-58113-396-0},
	author = {Plagemann, Thomas and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@misc {ND.8.Plagemann.2001.b,
	title = {Multimedia Middleware},
	howpublished = {Tutorial at IFIP DAIS 2001, Cracow, Poland},
	year = {2001},
	author = {Plagemann, Thomas and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@misc {ND.8.Plagemann.2001.c,
	title = {Multimedia Middleware},
	howpublished = {Tutorial at PROMS 2001, Twente, The Netherlands},
	year = {2001},
	author = {Plagemann, Thomas and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@misc {ND.8.Plagemann.2001.a,
	title = {Multimedia Middleware},
	howpublished = {Tutorial at ACM Multimedia 2001, Ottawa, Canada},
	year = {2001},
	author = {Plagemann, Thomas and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eide.2001,
	title = {Supporting Distributed Processing of Time-Based Media Streams},
	journal = {Proceedings of Distributed Objects and Applications (DOA{\textquoteright}01), IEEE},
	year = {2001},
	month = {September},
	pages = {281-288},
	type = {1},
	address = {Rome, Italy},
	author = {Viktor S. Wold {Eide} and Eliassen, Frank and Lysne, Olav}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Rafaelsen.2001.b,
	title = {Towards Support for Ad-Hoc Multimedia Bindings},
	journal = {Proceedings of Multimedia Middleware (M3W{\textquoteright}01), ACM},
	year = {2001},
	month = {October},
	pages = {36-39},
	type = {1},
	address = {Ottawa, Canada},
	author = {Hans Ole {Rafaelsen} and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Rafaelsen.2001.a,
	title = {Trading Media Gateways With CORBA Trader},
	journal = {Proceedings of Distributed Objects and Applications (DOA{\textquoteright}01), IEEE},
	year = {2001},
	month = {September},
	pages = {115-124},
	type = {1},
	address = {Rome, Italy},
	author = {Hans Ole {Rafaelsen} and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.6.Eide.2000,
	title = {Distributed Journaling of Distributed Media},
	journal = {Proceedings of Norsk Informatikkonferanse (NIK)},
	year = {2000},
	month = {November,},
	type = {1},
	address = {Bod{\o}, Norway},
	author = {Viktor S. Wold {Eide} and Eliassen, Frank and Granmo, Ole-Christoffer and Lysne, Olav}
}
@techreport {ND.7.Granmo.2000,
	title = {Dynamic Object-Oriented Bayesian Networks and Particle Filters for Flexible Resource-Aware Content-Based Indexing of Media Streams},
	number = {290},
	year = {2000},
	publisher = {Department of Informatics, University of Oslo},
	author = {Granmo, Ole-Christoffer and Eliassen, Frank and Lysne, Olav}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Plagemann.2000.a,
	title = {Flexible and Extensible QoS Management for Adaptable Middleware},
	journal = {International Workshop on Protocols for Multimedia Systems (PROMS)},
	year = {2000},
	month = {October,},
	type = {1},
	address = {Cracow, Poland},
	author = {Plagemann, Thomas and Eliassen, Frank and Hafskjold, B. and Kristensen, T. and R. H. {Macdonald} and Hans Ole {Rafaelsen}}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Plagemann.2000.b,
	title = {Managing Cross-Cutting QoS Issues in MULTE Middleware},
	journal = {Workshop on Quality of Service in Distributed Object Systems, in association with: 14th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP)},
	year = {2000},
	month = {June,},
	type = {1},
	address = {Sophia Antipolis and Cannes, France},
	author = {Plagemann, Thomas and Eliassen, Frank and Hafskjold, B. and Kristensen, T. and R. H. {Macdonald} and Hans Ole {Rafaelsen}}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.2000.b,
	title = {MULTE-ORB: Adaptive QoS Aware Binding},
	journal = {International Workshop on Reflective Middleware},
	year = {2000},
	month = {April,},
	type = {1},
	address = {New York, USA},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Kristensen, T. and Plagemann, Thomas and Hans Ole {Rafaelsen}}
}
@inproceedings {ND.6.Andersen.2000,
	title = {OOPP: a Reflective Component Based Middleware},
	journal = {Proceedings of NIK{\textquoteright}00},
	year = {2000},
	month = {27-28 November,},
	pages = {7-18},
	publisher = {Tapir},
	type = {1},
	address = {Bod{\o}},
	author = {Andersen, A. and Blair, Gordon and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {Hansen.2000.1,
	title = {Policy Trading},
	journal = {Proceedings of International Symposium on Distributed Objects and Application (DOA{\textquoteright}00)},
	year = {2000},
	month = {21-23 September,},
	pages = {219-227},
	publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
	type = {1},
	address = {Antwerpen, Belgium},
	author = {Hansen, {\O} and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Andersen.2000,
	title = {A Reflective Component Based Middleware With Quality of Service Management},
	journal = {International Workshop on Protocols for Multimedia Systems (PROMS)},
	year = {2000},
	month = {October,},
	type = {1},
	address = {Cracow, Poland},
	author = {Andersen, A. and Blair, Gordon and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Rafaelsen.2000,
	title = {Trading and Negotiating Stream Bindings},
	journal = {Proceedings of IFIP/ACM International Conference on Distributed Systems Platforms and Open Distributed Processing (Middleware{\textquoteright}2000)},
	year = {2000},
	month = {April,},
	pages = {289-307},
	publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	type = {1},
	address = {New York},
	author = {Hans Ole {Rafaelsen} and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Plagemann.1999,
	title = {Adaptive QoS Aware Binding of Persistent Multimedia Objects},
	journal = {Proceedings of Distributed Objects and Application (DOA{\textquoteright}99)},
	year = {1999},
	pages = {306-317},
	publisher = {IEEE Press},
	type = {1},
	address = {Edinburgh,},
	author = {Plagemann, Thomas and Eliassen, Frank and Goebel, Vera and Kristensen, T. and Hans Ole {Rafaelsen}}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1999.b,
	title = {A Conformance Relationship Supporting Selection of Explicit Stream Bindings},
	journal = {Proceedings of NIK{\textquoteright}99},
	year = {1999},
	pages = {69-80},
	publisher = {Tapir},
	type = {1},
	address = {Trondheim,},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Hans Ole {Rafaelsen}}
}
@inproceedings {Hansen.1999.1,
	title = {A Framework for Policy Bindings},
	journal = {Proceedings of DOA{\textquoteright}99},
	year = {1999},
	month = {September,},
	publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
	type = {1},
	address = {Edinburgh},
	author = {Hansen, {\O} and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1999.c,
	title = {Next Generation Middleware: Requirements, Architecture, and Prototypes},
	journal = {Proceedings of 7th IEEE Workshop on Future Trends of Distributed Computing Systems (FTDCS 99)},
	year = {1999},
	type = {1},
	address = {Cape Town, South Africa,},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Andersen, A. and Blair, Gordon and Costa, F. and K. B. {Saikoski} and Coulson, G. and Goebel, Vera and Hansen, {\O} and Kristensen, T. and Plagemann, Thomas and Hans Ole {Rafaelsen}}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Hansen.1999,
	title = {QoS Aware Binding for Distributed Multimedia Systems},
	journal = {Proceedings of OOPSLA{\textquoteright}99 (poster)},
	year = {1999},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	type = {1},
	address = {Denver USA,},
	author = {Hansen, {\O} and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1999.a,
	title = {A Trading Model of Stream Binding Selection},
	journal = {Proceedings of Smartnet{\textquoteright}99},
	year = {1999},
	pages = {251-264},
	publisher = {Kluwer},
	type = {1},
	address = {Bangkok,},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Hans Ole {Rafaelsen}}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1998.b,
	title = {Towards a QoS Aware Binding Model},
	journal = {Proc. SYBEN{\textquoteright}98},
	year = {1998},
	month = {May,},
	publisher = {Spie Press},
	type = {1},
	address = {Zurich},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1998.f,
	title = {Type Checking Stream Flow Endpoints},
	journal = {Proceedings of Middleware{\textquoteright}98},
	year = {1998},
	pages = {305-322},
	publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	type = {1},
	address = {Lake District, UK,},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Mehus, S.}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1998.g,
	title = {Typing Multimedia Streams},
	journal = {Proceedings of NIK{\textquoteright}98},
	year = {1998},
	pages = {161-172},
	publisher = {TAPIR},
	type = {1},
	address = {Kristiansand,},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@techreport {ND.7.Eliassen.1997.c,
	title = {Compatibility and Conformance of Stream Interfaces},
	year = {1997},
	publisher = {University of Troms{\o}},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1997,
	title = {A Conformance Relationship for Stream Interfaces},
	journal = {Proceedings of 2nd Int{\textquoteright}l Conf on Formal Methods in Open Object-based Distributed Systems (FMOODS{\textquoteright}97)},
	year = {1997},
	publisher = {Chapman \& Hall},
	type = {1},
	address = {Canterbury,},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@techreport {ND.7.Eliassen.1997.a,
	title = {Determining Structural Relationships of Continuous Media Flows},
	year = {1997},
	publisher = {University of Troms{\o}},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@misc {ND.7.Eliassen.1997.b,
	title = {Towards Transparent QoS Filtering of Continuous Media Streams},
	howpublished = {Misc},
	year = {1997},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Khalaila.1997,
	title = {A Very Efficient Bill-of-Materials Algorithm},
	journal = {Proceedings Norwegian Informatics Conference (NIK{\textquoteright}97)},
	year = {1997},
	publisher = {TAPIR,},
	type = {1},
	author = {Khalaila, A. and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1996.a,
	title = {A Continuous Media Flow Type Model for Distributed Object-Based Systems Architectures},
	journal = {9th ERCIM Workshop on Multimedia Databases},
	year = {1996},
	type = {1},
	address = {Darmstadt,},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@misc {ND.7.Eliassen.1996,
	title = {Distributed Multimedia Programming Languages: a Functional Approach},
	howpublished = {Misc},
	year = {1996},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@misc {ND.7.Khalaila.1996,
	title = {Efficient Bill-of-Materials Algorithms},
	howpublished = {Misc},
	year = {1996},
	author = {Khalaila, A. and Eliassen, Frank and Beeri, C.}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1996.b,
	title = {A Flexible Type Checking Model for Stream Interface Binding},
	journal = {Proceedings of International Workshop on Multimedia Software Development},
	year = {1996},
	pages = {52-60},
	publisher = {IEEE CS Press},
	type = {1},
	address = {Berlin,},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and J. R. {Nicol}}
}
@article {ND.4.Eliassen.1996,
	title = {Supporting Interoperation of Continuous Media Objects},
	journal = {Theory and Practice of Object Systems},
	volume = {2},
	number = {2},
	year = {1996},
	pages = {95-117,},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and J. R. {Nicol}}
}
@techreport {ND.7.Gutfreund.1995,
	title = {ATOMS: ATM Support Mechanisms for Advanced Multimedia Application Research},
	number = {TR-0297-06-95-380},
	year = {1995},
	publisher = {GTE Laboratories},
	author = {Gutfreund, S. and J. R. {Nicol} and Phuah, V. and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1995,
	title = {On the Design of a Generic Object Adaptor},
	journal = {8th. ERCIM Database Research Group Workshop on Database Issues and Infrastructure in Cooperative Information Systems},
	year = {1995},
	month = {August,},
	type = {1},
	address = {Trondheim},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inbook {ND.4.Yu.1995,
	title = {Flexible Transaction Management in an Interoperable Database Environment},
	booktitle = {Database Reengineering and Interoperability},
	year = {1995},
	publisher = {Plenum Publishing Corporation},
	organization = {Plenum Publishing Corporation},
	author = {Wu, Y. and Eliassen, Frank},
	editor = {Cheung, T. and Fong, J. and Siu, B.}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1995.b,
	title = {Interoperability of Multimedia Information Systems},
	journal = {Proceedings of 8th ERCIM Workshop on Database Issues and Infrastructure in Cooperative Information Systems},
	year = {1995},
	pages = {167-180},
	type = {1},
	address = {Trondheim,},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and J. R. {Nicol}}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1995.a,
	title = {Managing Identity in Global Object Views},
	journal = {Research Issues in Data Engineering: Distributed Object Management},
	year = {1995},
	publisher = {IEEE CS Press,},
	type = {1},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@techreport {ND.7.Eliassen.1995.a,
	title = {Polymorphic Typing for Continuous Media Flows and Its Application to QoS Brokerage},
	number = {TR-0303-07-95-380},
	year = {1995},
	publisher = {GTE Laboratories},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and J. R. {Nicol}}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1995.c,
	title = {Supporting Openness in Distributed Multimedia Systems},
	journal = {Proceedings Norwegian Informatics Conference (NIK{\textquoteright}95)},
	year = {1995},
	publisher = {TAPIR,},
	type = {1},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and J. R. {Nicol}}
}
@misc {ND.7.Eliassen.1995.b,
	title = {A Survey of Some A. Data and A. Models},
	howpublished = {Misc},
	year = {1995},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@techreport {ND.7.Eliassen.1994,
	title = {Abstractions for Object Oriented Views of Heterogeneous Autonomous Data Repositories},
	year = {1994},
	publisher = {Department of Computer Science, University of Troms{\o}},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Larsen.1994,
	title = {Application of Partition Serializability in Software Engineering Databases},
	journal = {Proceedings Norwegian Informatics Conference (NIK{\textquoteright}94)},
	year = {1994},
	publisher = {TAPIR,},
	type = {1},
	author = {J. O. {Larsen} and Eliassen, Frank and Karlsen, R. and Yu, W.}
}
@misc {ND.7.Karlsen.1994,
	title = {Parameterized Partition Serializability: an Adaptable Correctness Criterion for Federative Transactions},
	howpublished = {CSRR 94-13, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Tromso},
	year = {1994},
	author = {Karlsen, R. and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Karlsen.1994,
	title = {Partitioning Global Object Spaces for Federative Concurrency Control},
	journal = {Proceedings of International Conference on Intelligent Information Management Systems},
	year = {1994},
	type = {1},
	address = {Washington DC,},
	author = {Karlsen, R. and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@misc {ND.7.Eliassen.1993,
	title = {Aspects of Abstraction and Heterogenous Object Management in a Language Based Integration System},
	howpublished = {Department of Computer Science, University of Troms{\o}, unpublished manuscript},
	year = {1993},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1993,
	title = {Aspects of Abstraction and Persistency in a Language Based Integration System},
	journal = {Position paper for ECOOP{\textquoteright}93 workshop on Object-Based Distributed Programming},
	year = {1993},
	type = {1},
	address = {Kaiserslautern, Germany,},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Karlsen.1993,
	title = {Parameterizing Correctness for Federative Transactions},
	journal = {Proceedings Norwegian Informatics Conference 1993 (NIK{\textquoteright}93)},
	year = {1993},
	publisher = {TAPIR,},
	type = {1},
	author = {Karlsen, R. and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@misc {ND.7.Eliassen.1992,
	title = {A Language Based Integration System Unifying the Functional and Object Oriented Paradigms},
	howpublished = {CSRR 01/92},
	year = {1992},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inbook {ND.4.Veijalainen.1992,
	title = {The S-Transaction Model},
	booktitle = {Database Transaction Models for Advanced Applications},
	year = {1992},
	pages = {467-514,},
	publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann},
	organization = {Morgan Kaufmann},
	author = {Veijalainen, J. and Eliassen, Frank and Holtkamp, B.},
	editor = {A. K. {Elmagarmid}}
}
@misc {ND.7.Eliassen.1991,
	title = {Distributed Exception Handling for Flexible Transactions},
	howpublished = {CSRR 07/91, University of Troms{\o}},
	year = {1991},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Karlsen, R.}
}
@article {ND.4.Eliassen.1991,
	title = {Interoperability and Object Identity},
	journal = {ACM SIGMOD Record},
	volume = {20},
	number = {2},
	year = {1991},
	pages = {25-29,},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Karlsen, R.}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1991.b,
	title = {Interoperability Using Functional and Object-Oriented Programming Concepts: Problems and Solutions},
	journal = {Proceedings NIK{\textquoteright}91 (Norwegian Informatics Conference)},
	year = {1991},
	publisher = {TAPIR},
	type = {1},
	address = {Trondheim,},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Karlsen, R.}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1991.a,
	title = {Providing Application Interoperability Using Functional Programming Concepts},
	journal = {Proceedings EurOpen Spring{\textquoteright}91},
	year = {1991},
	pages = {249-266,},
	type = {1},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Karlsen, R.},
	editor = {Brazier, F.}
}
@article {ND.4.Veijalainen.1991,
	title = {The S-Transaction Model (extended Abstract)},
	journal = {IEEE Data Engineering},
	volume = {14},
	number = {1},
	year = {1991},
	pages = {55-59,},
	author = {Veijalainen, J. and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@book {ND.2.Eliassen.1990,
	title = {Information Networks and Data Communication III},
	year = {1990},
	publisher = {North Holland},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Khakhar, D.}
}
@misc {ND.7.Eliassen.1990.a,
	title = {Notes on Specifying FRIL Interfaces to Relational Databases},
	howpublished = {Misc},
	year = {1990},
	note = {University of Troms{\o}. Unpublished manuscript},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@misc {ND.7.Eliassen.1990.b,
	title = {On Semantic Trading},
	howpublished = {Misc},
	year = {1990},
	note = {University of Kent. Unpublished manuscript},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and P. F. {Linington}}
}
@misc {ND.7.Eliassen.1989.a,
	title = {FRIL: Linguistic Support for Interoperable Information Systems},
	howpublished = {University of Troms{\o}, CSRR 02/89},
	year = {1989},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@misc {ND.7.Eliassen.1989.b,
	title = {IIS: Topics and Issues},
	howpublished = {University of Troms{\o}},
	year = {1989},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1988.e,
	title = {Aspects of Transaction Modelling},
	journal = {Proceedings EUTECO{\textquoteright}88},
	year = {1988},
	pages = {1051-1067},
	type = {1},
	address = {Vienna, Austria,},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Veijalainen, J. and Tirri, H.},
	editor = {Speth, R.}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1988.c,
	title = {Communication Via Shared Conceptual Memory},
	journal = {Message handling Systems \& Distributed Applications},
	year = {1988},
	pages = {383-398},
	publisher = {North Holland,},
	type = {1},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Nordli, I. and Danielsen, T.},
	editor = {Stefferud, E.}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1988.d,
	title = {Coordinated Group Access to Replicated Data},
	journal = {Norsk Informatikk Konferanse (NIK{\textquoteright}88)},
	year = {1988},
	pages = {21-36},
	publisher = {TAPIR,},
	type = {1},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Nordli, I. and Danielsen, T.}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1988.b,
	title = {A Functional Approach to Information System Interoperability},
	journal = {Proceedings EUTECO{\textquoteright}88},
	year = {1988},
	pages = {1121-1135},
	type = {1},
	address = {Vienna, Austria,},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Veijalainen, J.},
	editor = {Speth, R.}
}
@misc {ND.7.Eliassen.1988,
	title = {An Introduction to Open Distributed Processing (ODP)},
	howpublished = {Presented at Open Systems seminar, Norsk Regnesentral, Oslo},
	year = {1988},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@misc {ND.7.Veijalainen.1987.a,
	title = {Detailed Specifications of the Communication Service and Protocols for the Multidatabase System},
	howpublished = {MAP761B project report, HMI Berlin},
	year = {1987},
	author = {Veijalainen, J. and Eliassen, Frank and Popescu-Zeletin, R. and Romeni, F. and Troeger, J.}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1987.b,
	title = {Language Support for Transactions in a Cooperative, Autonomous Environment},
	journal = {Proceedings IEEE TENCON{\textquoteright}87},
	year = {1987},
	pages = {277-281},
	type = {1},
	address = {Seoul,},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Veijalainen, J.}
}
@misc {ND.7.Veijalainen.1987.b,
	title = {An Open Multidatabase Architecture},
	howpublished = {Misc},
	year = {1987},
	note = {GMD/Fokus, Berlin (West). Unpublished manuscript},
	author = {Veijalainen, J. and Eliassen, Frank}
}
@misc {ND.7.Eliassen.1987,
	title = {An S-Transaction Definition Language and Execution Mechanism},
	howpublished = {GMD report nr. 275, GMD},
	year = {1987},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Veijalainen, J.}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1987.a,
	title = {Strategies for Integration and Interoperability (in Norwegian)},
	journal = {Proceedings DND Datakommunikasjon{\textquoteright}87},
	year = {1987},
	type = {1},
	address = {Trondheim,},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1986,
	title = {The ISO File Service FTAM (in Norwegian)},
	journal = {Proceedings DND Datakommunikasjon{\textquoteright}86},
	year = {1986},
	type = {1},
	address = {Oslo,},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@misc {ND.7.Eliassen.1986,
	title = {An S-Transaction Definition Language and Execution Mechanism Based on Functional Programming and a General Transaction Protocol},
	howpublished = {MAP761B Internal Project Report, HMI Berlin(West)},
	year = {1986},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@misc {ND.7.Eliassen.1985,
	title = {Databaser for Norsk-Norsk N{\ae}ringsliv Og Offentlig Forvaltning},
	howpublished = {FORUT},
	year = {1985},
	month = {Desember},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@techreport {ND.7.Eliassen.1984,
	title = {Connectionless Transport Service for DAT-X Implemented on a Mono Process Machine (in Norwegian)},
	year = {1984},
	publisher = {University of Troms{\o}},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@article {ND.4.Eliassen.1984,
	title = {A Multi-Layered Operating System for Microcomputers, Microprocessing and Microprogramming},
	journal = {The Euromicro Journal},
	volume = {14},
	number = {2},
	year = {1984},
	pages = {45-54,},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Kari E {Ellingsen} and K. A. {Olsen}}
}
@article {ND.4.Eliassen.1983,
	title = {An Archive System for Primary Health Care Based on Simple Micros},
	journal = {Medicinal Informatics},
	volume = {8},
	number = {4,},
	year = {1983},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Kari E {Ellingsen} and K. A. {Olsen}}
}
@misc {ND.7.Popescu-Zeletin.1983.b,
	title = {File Transfer Access and Management - Design Specification Based on Abstract Data Types},
	howpublished = {COST 11 bis VFS project, HMI-B 404, HMI Berlin(West)},
	year = {1983},
	author = {Popescu-Zeletin, R. and Henckel, L. and Eliassen, Frank and Jensen, W.}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1983,
	title = {OSI Application Dialogues Expressed As Operations on Typed Data Objects},
	journal = {Proceedings EUTECO{\textquoteright}83},
	year = {1983},
	pages = {303-314},
	type = {1},
	address = {Varese, Italy,},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Jensen, W. and Popescu-Zeletin, R. and Henckel, L.},
	editor = {Kalin, T.}
}
@misc {ND.7.Eliassen.1983.b,
	title = {OSI - File Transfer, Access and Management, the File Access Regime},
	howpublished = {Contribution for the ISO/TC97/SC16/WG5 plenary meeting, London},
	year = {1983},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@misc {ND.7.Eliassen.1983.a,
	title = {OSI Presentation Layer - Motivation, Examples and a Short Description},
	howpublished = {Presented at seminar COST 11 bis File Transfer Project, Stockholm},
	year = {1983},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Popescu-Zeletin.1983,
	title = {The Virtual File Service},
	journal = {Proceedings EUTECO{\textquoteright} 83},
	year = {1983},
	pages = {291-302},
	type = {1},
	address = {Varese, Italy,},
	author = {Popescu-Zeletin, R. and Henckel, L. and Eliassen, Frank and Jensen, W.},
	editor = {Kalin, T.}
}
@techreport {ND.7.Eliassen.1982.b,
	title = {The Balsfjord System - Archive System for Health Centers: System Solution and Choice of Technology},
	year = {1982},
	publisher = {University of Troms{\o}},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Kari E {Ellingsen} and K. A. {Olsen}}
}
@techreport {ND.7.Eliassen.1982.a,
	title = {The Balsfjord System - Functional Description},
	year = {1982},
	publisher = {University of Troms{\o}},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Kari E {Ellingsen} and K. A. {Olsen}}
}
@article {ND.4.Eliassen.1982,
	title = {Dedisert Flerbrukersystem P{\r a} Mikromaskiner},
	journal = {DATA},
	volume = {5},
	year = {1982},
	pages = {37-42,},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Kari E {Ellingsen} and K. A. {Olsen}}
}
@inproceedings {ND.5.Eliassen.1982,
	title = {Microcomputer-Based Archive System for Norwegian Primary Health Care},
	journal = {Proceedings IEEE MEDCOMP{\textquoteright}82},
	year = {1982},
	month = {September,},
	pages = {519-524},
	type = {1},
	address = {Philadelphia},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Kari E {Ellingsen} and K. A. {Olsen}}
}
@techreport {ND.7.Eliassen.1981.c,
	title = {The Balsfjord System - SYSTEM Documentation},
	year = {1981},
	publisher = {University of Troms{\o}},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
@techreport {ND.7.Eliassen.1981.a,
	title = {The Balsfjord System - User Guide},
	year = {1981},
	publisher = {University of Troms{\o}},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank and Kari E {Ellingsen} and K. A. {Olsen}}
}
@techreport {ND.7.Eliassen.1981.b,
	title = {Brief Description of a Communication Protocol for Archive Machine Access},
	year = {1981},
	publisher = {University of Troms{\o}},
	author = {Eliassen, Frank}
}
