@article {Simula.ND.269,
	title = {A Comprehensive Solution for Application-Level Adaptation},
	journal = {Software: Practice and Experience},
	number = {Published online},
	year = {2009},
	publisher = {ACM},
	abstract = {Driven by the emergence of mobile and pervasive computing, there is a growing demand for context-aware software systems that can dynamically adapt to their run-time environment. We present the results of project MADAM that has delivered a comprehensive solution for the development and operation of context-aware, self-adaptive aplications. The main contributions of MADAm are (a) a sophisticated middleware that supports the dynamic adaptation of component-based applications, and (b) an innovative model-driven development methodology that is based on abstract adaptation models and corresponding model\_to-code transformations. MADAM has demonstrated the viability of a general, integrated approach to application-level adaptation. We discuss our experiences with two real-world case studies that were built using the MADAM approach.},
	isbn = {1097-024X},
	doi = {10.1002/spe.900},
	author = {Geihs, Kurt and Barone, Paolo and Eliassen, Frank and Floch, Jacqueline and Fricke, Rolf and Gj{\o}rven, Eli and Svein O. {Hallsteinsen} and Horn, Geir and Owais Mohammad {Khan} and Mamelli, Alessandro and George A. {Papadopoulos} and Paspallis, Nearchos and Reichle, Roland and Stav, Erlend}
}
@article {Simula.ND.90,
	title = {Experiences With Utility-Based Adaptivity Modeling for Mobile Applications},
	journal = {Journal of Systems and Software},
	year = {2008},
	author = {Alia, Mourad and Viktor S. Wold {Eide} and Paspallis, Nearchos and Eliassen, Frank and Svein O. {Hallsteinsen} and George A. {Papadopoulos}}
}
@inproceedings {Simula.ND.21,
	title = {Managing Distributed Adaptation of Mobile Applications},
	journal = {7th IFIP International Conference on Distributed Applications and Interoperable Systems (DAIS)},
	year = {2007},
	month = {June},
	pages = {104-118},
	publisher = {Springer Verlag},
	type = {Conference},
	chapter = {8},
	abstract = {Mobile computing is characterised by variations in user needs and in the computing and communication resources. We have developed a middleware centric approach for the development of software capable of dynamically adapting to such variations. The middleware leverages models of needs and resources and the adaptation capabilities of the software and performs context monitoring, adaptation planning and dynamic reconfiguration at runtime. In this paper we focus on the modelling of resources of a distributed mobile computing infrastructure and how the resource model is used in adaptation planning. We present a distributed resource management framework and mechanisms necessary to maintain an up to date resource model at runtime. The challenge is to balance the level of abstraction so as to hide some of the heterogeneity of the actual infrastructure while retaining sufficient detail to serve the needs of distributed and centralized adaptation planning. The proposed framework is evaluated by a walkthrough of an example.},
	isbn = {978-3-540-72881-8},
	author = {Alia, Mourad and Svein O. {Hallsteinsen} and Paspallis, Nearchos and Eliassen, Frank},
	editor = {Kerry Raymond Ja {Indulska}}
}
@inproceedings {Simula.ND.9,
	title = {A Utility-Based Adaptivity Model for Mobile Applications},
	journal = {The IEEE International Symposium on Ubisafe Computing (UbiSafe-07)},
	year = {2007},
	month = {May},
	pages = {556-563},
	publisher = {IEEE Computer Society Press},
	type = {Conference},
	abstract = {Mobile environments are characterized by resource fluctuations and limitations, and variations in user preferences. Therefore mobile applications need to be adaptive to retain usability, usefulness and reliability. In our approach to support adaptivity, we combine context awareness, reflection and component composition planning. The planning is done by generic middleware and supports dynamic discovery, utility-based and context-aware evaluation, and selection of the best implementation alternative of a given mobile application. In this paper we present a formal model of our approach and use this model to show the expressiveness of utility-based adaptation policies. To demonstrate the feasibility and expressiveness of our approach we include a case study based on a real adaptive application built using our model and middleware.},
	isbn = {0-7695-2847-3},
	author = {Alia, Mourad and Viktor S. Wold {Eide} and Paspallis, Nearchos and Eliassen, Frank and Svein O. {Hallsteinsen} and George A. {Papadopoulos}},
	editor = {L. T. {Yang} and Chaudhary, V. and Huang, R.}
}
@inproceedings {Alia.2006.2,
	title = {MADAM: Towards a Flexible Planning-Based Middleware (extended Abstract)},
	journal = {ICSE 2006 Workshop on Software Engineering for Adaptive and Self-Managing Systems (SEAMS), May 21-22, 2006, Shanghai, China},
	year = {2006},
	month = {May},
	pages = {96-96},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	type = {Conference},
	abstract = {By exploiting software components, component frameworks and architectural reflection, the European IST project MADAM aims to overcome the complexity of developing mobile context-aware adaptive systems. The MADAM middleware defines a domain and platform-independent flexible reference architecture that supports dynamic reconfiguration of both applications and the middleware itself. Furthermore it implements flexible context monitoring, adaptation planning and dynamic reconfiguration frameworks that embodies much of the complex logic of dynamic adaptation.},
	isbn = {1-59593-403-0},
	author = {Alia, Mourad and Eliassen, Frank and Svein O. {Hallsteinsen} and Stav, Erlend},
	editor = {Betty H. C. {Chang} and de Lemos, Rogerio and Garlan, David}
}
@article {Floch.2006.1,
	title = {Using Architecture Models for Runtime Adaptability},
	journal = {IEEE Software},
	volume = {23},
	number = {2},
	year = {2006},
	month = {March/April},
	pages = {62-70},
	abstract = {Developers typically use software architecture models at design time to capture significant decisions about a software system{\textquoteright}s organization and to describe and establish a common understanding about the system{\textquoteright}s abstract properties. Architectural information isn{\textquoteright}t usually explicitly represented at runtime; developers transform and realize the architectural properties through runtime artifacts. Recently, the introduction of software platforms supporting component plug-in and dynamic binding has facilitated adaptation of software systems at runtime. Preserving the properties described by the architecture model during adaptation is an important task. We propose a self-adaptation approach that exploits architecture models to reason about and control adaptation at runtime. We can derive runtime models from design models facilitating the developers{\textquoteright} task. We developed the approach in the context of mobile computing. This article is part of a focus section on software architecture.},
	author = {Floch, Jacqueline and Svein O. {Hallsteinsen} and Stav, Erlend and Eliassen, Frank and Lund, Ketil and Gj{\o}rven, Eli}
}
