@article {Simula.ND.385,
	title = {Loop-Free Alternates and Not-Via Addresses: a Proper Combination for IP Fast Reroute?},
	journal = {Computer Networks},
	volume = {54},
	number = {8},
	year = {2010},
	month = {June},
	pages = {1300 - 1315},
	abstract = {The IETF currently discusses fast reroute mechanisms for IP networks (IP FRR). IP FRR accelerates the recovery in case of network element failures and avoids micro-loops during re-convergence. Several mechanisms are proposed. Loop-free alternates (LFAs) are simple but cannot cover all single link and node failures. Not-via addresses can protect against these failures but are more complex, in particular, they use tunneling techniques to deviate backup traffic. In the IETF it has been proposed to combine both mechanisms to merge their advantages: simplicity and full failure coverage. This work analyzes LFAs and classifies them according to their abilities. We qualitatively compare LFAs and not-via addresses and develop a concept for their combined application to achieve 100\% single failure coverage, while using simple LFAs wherever possible. The applicability of existing LFAs depends on the resilience requirements of the network. We study the backup path length and the link utilization for both IP FRR methods and quantify the decapsulation load and the increase of the routing table size caused by not-via addresses. We conclude that the combined usage of both methods has no advantage compared to the application of not-via addresses only.},
	author = {Menth, Michael and Hartmann, Matthias and Martin, R{\"u}diger and Cicic, Tarik and Kvalbein, Amund}
}
@article {Simula.ND.351,
	title = {Relaxed Multiple Routing Configurations: IP Fast Reroute for Single and Correlated Failures},
	journal = {IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management},
	volume = {6},
	number = {1},
	year = {2009},
	month = {March},
	pages = {1-14},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	abstract = {Multi-topology routing is an increasingly popular IP network management concept that allows transport of different traffic types over disjoint network paths. The concept is of particular interest for implementation of IP fast reroute (IP FRR). First, it can support guaranteed, instantaneous recovery from any single link or node failure as well as from many combined failures. Second, different failures result in routing over different network topologies, which gives better control of the traffic distribution in the networks after a failure. The authors have previously proposed an IP FRR scheme based on multi-topology routing called Multiple Routing Configurations (MRC). In this paper we present an enhanced IP FRR scheme which we call {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}relaxed MRC\&$\#$39;\&$\#$39; (rMRC). rMRC simplifies the topology construction and increases the routing flexibility in each topology. This makes rMRC better suited for successful load distribution after failures and handling of correlated failures. According to our experimental evaluation, the number of backup topologies required to provide protection against the same failures is reduced in rMRC compared to MRC, hence reducing state in routers. In addition, the backup paths are shorter, and the link utilization is significantly better. The paper also presents how rMRC can provide recovery from multiple correlated failures without compromising much on the number of backup topologies required and the path lengths.},
	doi = {10.1109/TNSM.2009.090301},
	author = {Cicic, Tarik and Audun Fosselie {Hansen} and Kvalbein, Amund and Hartmann, Matthias and Menth, Michael and Martin, R{\"u}diger and Gjessing, Stein and Lysne, Olav}
}
