@inproceedings { ISCC2023,
	title = {Proactive Resource Orchestration Framework for Cloud/Fog Platform},
	journal = {Proceedings of the 28th IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC)},
	year = {2023},
	publisher = { IEEE},
	address = {Tunis/Tunisia},
	abstract = {Cloud computing makes complex computing an off-premise activity by offering software- and hardware-based services using standard security protocols over the Internet. It has been seen that the cloud is not ideal for latency-sensitive applications. Thanks to the current growth of network communication and infrastructure, fog adds a computing resource delegation layer between the user and the cloud. Fog aims to improve latency-sensitive applications support. Here, we propose one unified, proactive resource orchestration framework from a cloud/fog service provider perspective. The framework consists of a predictor and a resource allocator module. Users subscribe to these resources to execute their applications. The framework does not require application-specific information and is modular, meaning a service provider can customise each module. We have presented the framework prototype by showing each module{\textquoteright}s simulated performance results using the parameters of our cloud/fog research test bed.},
	keywords = {Cloud, Fog, Orchestration, Prediction, Resource Allocation},
	author = {Mazumdar, Somnath and Dreibholz, Thomas}
}
@inproceedings { SEAA2023,
	title = {Towards A Data Privacy-Aware Execution Zone Creation on Cloud/Fog Platform},
	journal = {Proceedings of the 49th Euromicro Conference Series on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA)},
	year = {2023},
	publisher = { IEEE},
	address = {Durr{\"e}s/Albania},
	abstract = {Cloud computing is now a {\textquoteleft}go-to{\textquoteright} platform for running various types of application. A wide spectrum of users needing software and hardware resources have embraced the cloud. Following the cloud business model, one is either a cloud-based service provider or a cloud service (hardware and software) user. There is a continuous evolution in the cloud ecosystem to support the ever-changing features of user applications. The cloud ecosystem has added a new resource delegation model to accommodate such new requirements. This new resource delegation model is known as fog. Both cloud and fog platforms employ complex hardware and software to provide better run-time support for applications. This paper presents a message-based privacy-aware application execution zone management framework for the cloud/fog platform. The framework aims to create a static execution zone based on the performance of the user application and the data privacy requirements. It also enables the user to set the resource termination conditions. Here, we have prototyped the proposed framework and showed how the proposed approach works with message structure and experiments with the P4 switch. We also present how the prototype could be implemented on a cloud/fog platform.},
	keywords = {Cloud, Data, Fog, Message, Privacy, resource management},
	author = {Mazumdar, Somnath and Dreibholz, Thomas}
}
@article {43146,
	title = {OpenIaC: open infrastructure as code - the network is my computer},
	journal = {Journal of Cloud Computing},
	volume = {11},
	number = {12},
	year = {2022},
	month = {05/2022},
	publisher = { Springer},
	address = {Journal of Cloud Computing},
	abstract = {Modern information systems are built fron a complex composition of networks, infrastructure, devices, services, and applications, interconnected by data flows that are often private and financially sensitive. The 5G networks, which can create hyperlocalized services, have highlighted many of the deficiencies of current practices in use today to create and operate information systems. Emerging cloud computing techniques, such as Infrastructure-as-Code (IaC) and elastic computing, offer a path for a future re-imagining of how we create, deploy, secure, operate, and retire information systems. In this paper, we articulate the position that a comprehensive new approach is needed for all OSI layers from layer 2 up to applications that are built on underlying principles that include reproducibility, continuous integration/continuous delivery, auditability, and versioning. There are obvious needs to redesign and optimize the protocols from the network layer to the application layer. Our vision seeks to augment existing Cloud Computing and Networking solutions with support for multiple cloud infrastructures and seamless integration of cloud-based microservices. To address these issues, we propose an approach named\&nbsp;Open Infrastructure as Code\&nbsp;(OpenIaC), which is an attempt to provide a common open forum to integrate and build on advances in cloud computing and blockchain to address the needs of modern information architectures. The main mission of our OpenIaC approach is to provide services based on the principles of Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA) among the federation of connected resources based on Decentralized Identity (DID). Our objectives include the creation of an open-source hub with fine-grained access control for an open and connected infrastructure of shared resources (sensing, storage, computing, 3D printing, etc.) managed by blockchains and federations. Our proposed approach has the potential to provide a path for developing new platforms, business models, and a modernized information ecosystem necessary for 5G networks.},
	keywords = {5G networks, Cloud, edge, infrastructure-as-Code, OPenIaC},
	author = {Rong, Chunming and Geng, Jiahui and Thomas J. {Hacker} and Martin G. {Jaatun} and Bryhni, Haakon}
}
@article { CommMag2022,
	title = {Secure Embedded Living: Towards a Self-contained User Data Preserving Framework},
	journal = {IEEE Communications Magazine},
	volume = {60},
	year = {2022},
	month = {11/2022},
	pages = {74{\textendash}80},
	publisher = { IEEE},
	abstract = {Smart living represents the hardware-software co-inhabiting with humans for better living standards and improved well-being. Here, hardware monitors human activities (by collecting data) specific to a context. Such data can be processed to offer context-specific valuable insights. Such insights can be used for optimising the well-being, living experience and energy cost of smart homes. This paper proposes a Secure Embedded Living Framework~(SELF) that enforces a privacy-preserving data control mechanism by integrating multiple technologies, such as Internet-of-thing, cloud/fog platform, machine learning and blockchain. The primary aim of the SELF is to allow the user to retain more control of its data.},
	keywords = {blockchain, Cloud, Data, IoTs, Security, User},
	issn = {0163-6804},
	doi = {10.1109/MCOM.001.2200165},
	author = {Mazumdar, Somnath and Dreibholz, Thomas}
}
@inproceedings { HPCC2022,
	title = {Towards a Privacy Preserving Data Flow Control via Packet Header Marking},
	journal = {Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on High Performance Computing, Data, and Analytics~(HPCC)},
	year = {2022},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	address = {Chengdu, Sichuan/People{\textquoteright}s Republic of China},
	abstract = {{Computing infrastructure is becoming ubiquitous thanks to the advancement in computing and the network domain. Reliable network communication is essential to offer good quality services, but it is not trivial. There are privacy concerns. Metadata may leak user information even if traffic is encrypted. Some countries have data privacy preserving-related regulations, but end-users cannot control through which path, networks, and hardware their data packets should travel. Even worse, the user cannot declare their privacy preferences. This paper presents an approach to tackle such privacy issues through data privacy-aware routing. The user can specify their preferences for packet routing using marking and filtering. Routing can work according to such specifications. It is implemented by P4, allowing a vendor-independent realisation with standard off-the-shelf hardware and open-source software components. We presented the initial experimental results of a proof-of-concept run on a unified cloud/fog research testbed.}},
	keywords = {Cloud, Data, Fog, P4, Packets, Privacy, Routing},
	author = {Mazumdar, Somnath and Dreibholz, Thomas}
}
@article {25570,
	title = {Contract-theoretic Approach for Delay Constrained Offloading in Vehicular Edge Computing Networks},
	journal = {Mobile Networks and Applications},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {1-12},
	publisher = {Springer},
	address = {US},
	abstract = {Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) is a promising solution to improve vehicular services through offloading computation to cloud servers in close proximity to mobile vehicles. However, the self-interested nature together with the high mobility characteristic of the vehicles make the design of the computation offloading scheme a significant challenge. In this paper, we propose a new Vehicular Edge Computing (VEC) framework to model the computation offloading process of the mobile vehicles running on a bidirectional road. Based on this framework, we adopt a contract theoretic approach to design optimal offloading strategies for the VEC service provider, which maximize the revenue of the provider while enhancing the utilities of the vehicles. To further improve the utilization of the computing resources of the VEC servers, we incorporate task priority distinction as well as additional resource providing into the design of the offloading scheme, and propose an efficient VEC server selection and computing resource allocation algorithm. Numerical results indicate that our proposed schemes greatly enhance the revenue of the VEC provider, and concurrently improve the utilization of cloud computing resources.},
	keywords = {Cloud, Contract theory, Mobile edge computing, Vehicular network},
	issn = {1572-8153},
	doi = {10.1007/s11036-018-1032-0},
	author = {Zhang, K. and Mao, Y. and Leng, S. and Maharjan, Sabita and Vinel, A. and Zhang, Yan}
}
